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Field
Guide IDs: BREEDING:
Woodland,
coniferous forest edge (esp where damp), orchards,
riparian thickets. ? broods. DISPLAYS:
Agonistic: wing
flickering, crest raising, also sleeked erect
posture with bill pointed upward. NEST:
In shrubs (usu in
w) or low in conifer tree (e); bulky, of weeds,
rotten wood, bark, twigs, grass, moss, occ middle
layer of mud, lining of skeletonized leaves, plant
fibers, fine rootlets, lichen. EGGS:
Pale blue, spotted
with browns, occ nearly unmarked. 0.8" (22
mm). DIET:
Includes spiders;
berries, esp in winter. Young fed insects, perhaps
some fruit. Also gleans from ground. CONSERVATION:
Winters from c
Mexico s to Guyana, w Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, n w
Argentina, and Paraguay. Rare cowbird
host. NOTES:
The least
terrestrial of the eastern "ground-dwelling"
thrushes. Unlike most N.A. passerines, postbreeding
molt is often begun after departure from breeding
grounds. Uncommon migrant,
being most abundant in spring. Typically found in
areas providing dense low vegetation. ESSAYS: Decline
of Eastern Songbirds;
Island
Biogeography;
Molting;
Bathing
and Dusting. REFERENCES:
Cherry, 1985;
Dilger, 1956a, b; Noon, 1981. |
