Field
Guide IDs: BREEDING:
Stunted trees and
shrubs in coniferous forest -- tundra ecotone. 1
brood. DISPLAYS:
Social dominance in
winter flocks signaled visually by extent of black
feathering on throat and crown, which is under
hormonal control. NEST:
Sunken into ground
beneath low woody veg or in mossy hummock among
stunted trees; of grass, coarse rootlets, lined
with finer grass. EGGS:
White,
greenish-white, marked with browns. 0.9" (22
mm). DIET:
Includes spiders,
few snails; forb, grass, sedge, and rush
seeds. CONSERVATION:
Winters within
N.A. NOTES:
When alarmed, flies
up, rather than seeking cover in low-growing veg.
Details of breeding biology largely unknown. Forms
winter flocks. Strong site attachment to wintering
territory. ESSAYS: Bird
Badges;
Dominance
Hierarchies;
Site
Tenacity;
How
Do We Find Out About Bird
Biology?. REFERENCES:
Rohwer and Rohwer,
1978.
Zonotrichia querula Nuttall
NG-416; G-340; PE-278; PW-pl 58; AE -pl 529; AW-pl
594; AM(Ill)-270
Location
Type
Mating System
Parental Care
2ndary Diet..
Strategy
I:13-14
DAYS
ALTRICIAL
(3-5)
MONOG?
?
BERRIES
.....GLEANS
Except for Stanford Notes, the material in this species treatment is taken, with permission, from The Birder's Handbook (Paul Ehrlich, David Dobkin, & Darryl Wheye, Simon & Schuster, NY. 1988). |