Field
Guide IDs: BREEDING:
Coniferous or
deciduous forest undergrowth, edge, woodland
thickets, scrub, chaparral, riparian woodland,
montane brushland. 2 broods. DISPLAYS:
? NEST:
Rarely in tree.
Built of grass, moss, lichen, rootlets, shredded
bark, leaves, and, if above ground, twigs; lined
with fine grass, rootlets, fur, feathers, and
finely shredded bark. Earlier nests higher, perhaps
due to presence of snow and snow-melt. EGGS:
Pale green to
greenish-white, marked with reddish-browns. 0.9"
(23 mm). DIET:
Includes few
spiders, millipedes, buds. Nestlings likely fed
100% insects. CONSERVATION:
Winters s to n
Baja. Uncommon cowbird host. NOTES:
Males on breeding
territory occ pugnacious toward other species.
Female broods. Adult known to give broken-wing
display in defense of young fledglings. Average
clutch in n is 4-5, in s 2-3. Male sings each song
once until entire repertoire is sung, then starts
over. Uncommon migrant
and winter resident in dense patches of brushy
vegetation, sparsely on most of main campus but
more common in woodland and scrub habitats near the
Dish and around faculty housing. ESSAYS: Vocal
Functions;
Interspecific
Territoriality;
Bills;
Variation
in Clutch Sizes;
Distraction
Displays. REFERENCES:
Martin, 1979;
Threlfall and Blacquiere, 1982; Zink,
1986.
Passerella iliaca Merrem
NG-412; G-342; PE-pl 284; PW-pl 57; AE-pl 543;
AW-pl 572; AM(II)-3260
Location
Type
Mating System
Parental Care
2ndary Diet..
Strategy
I:
12-14 DAYS
ALTRICIAL
0
feet - 3 feet
(To
20 feet)
MONOG?
MF
BERRIES
Except for Stanford Notes, the material in this species treatment is taken, with permission, from The Birder's Handbook (Paul Ehrlich, David Dobkin, & Darryl Wheye, Simon & Schuster, NY. 1988). |