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We can print to a file in essentially the same way we print to the screen. In the simplest case, we create the entire file with one command; we give the file name as the initial left hand operand of <<, and we close the file with close. Files must be closed before they can be used for something else.

More complicated files may require printing to the file multiple times. One way to handle this is to assign the open file created the first time we use << to a variable, so we can use it for subsequent print operations and for closing the file.

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