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The method for transmitting a vector depends on the ring involved.

If the ring is a monoid ring (e.g., a polynomial ring), then the vector is transmitted as a sequence of triples (i,m,a), where i is the number of the row, m is the monomial, and a is the coefficient.

If the ring is not a monoid ring, then the vector is transmitted as a sequences of pairs (i,r) where i is the number of the row, and r is the entry.

The columns of a matrix are transmitted as vectors.

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