Abbreviations and Symbols.... ...........
 

SUMMARY LINE

SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

?

Preceding uncertain

(?)

Preceding range uncertain

<

Less than

>

Greater than

+

More than, helper

F or FF

Female/Females

M or MM

Male/Males

-M

Mostly Female

-F

Mostly Male

I:

Length of Incubation

F:

Time Hatching to Fledging

 

TYPE OF BREEDING -- For details see ESSAYS

COOP

Cooperative Breeder

MONOG

Monogamous Breeder

POLYAND

Polyandrous Breeder

POLYGYN

Polygynous Breeder

POLYGAM

Polygamous Breeder

PROMISC

Promiscuous Breeder

 

DEVELOPMENT AT HATCHING For details see Essay: "Precocial and Altricial Young"

PRECOCIAL 2

Mobile, downy, follow parents, find own food.

PRECOCIAL 3

Mobile, downy, follow parents, are shown food.

PRECOCIAL 4

Mobile, downy, follow parents, fed.

SEMI-PRECOCIAL

Mobile, remain at nest, fed.

SEMI-ALTRICIAL 1

Immobile, downy, eyes open, fed.

SEMI-ALTRICIAL 2

Immobile, downy, eyes closed, fed.

ALTRICIAL

Immobile, downless, eyes closed, fed.

 

 

TREATMENT PARAGRAPH

TOPICS

BREEDING:

Information on breeding habitat and number of broods per year

DISPLAYS:

Description of major sexual/territorial displays

NEST:

Description of structure and materials used in construction

EGGS:

Description of color, pattern, and size of shell

DIET:

Expanded explanation of preferred foods of adults and/or young

CONSERVATION:      

Where birds spend winter; endangerment; if cowbird host

NOTES:

Interesting research notes; recent name changes

ESSAYS:

Suggested reading of the most pertinent essays in the Handbook

REFs:

References

 

SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

F or FF

Female/Females

M or MM

Male/Males

-M

Mostly Female

-F

Mostly Male

+

More than, helper

?

Preceding uncertain

(?)

Preceding range uncertain

<

Less Than

>

Greater Than

c

Central (direction, name)

n

NORTH (direction)

s

SOUTH (direction)

e

EAST (direction)

w

WEST (direction)

N

North (name-as in N. America)

S

South (name)

E

East (name)

W

West (name)

(W)

Wintering location

Nr

Near

Oft

Often

Occ

Occasionally

Poss

Possibly

Usu

Usually

V

Very

cop

Copulation

veg

Vegetation

forb

Herbaceous plant other than grass

mesic

Has ample rainfall and well-drained soil




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