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Abbreviations
and Symbols....
...........
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SYMBOLS AND
ABBREVIATIONS
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?
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Preceding
uncertain
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(?)
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Preceding
range uncertain
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<
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Less
than
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>
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Greater
than
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+
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More
than, helper
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F or
FF
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Female/Females
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M or
MM
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Male/Males
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-M
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Mostly
Female
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-F
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Mostly
Male
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I:
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Length
of Incubation
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F:
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Time
Hatching to Fledging
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TYPE OF BREEDING
-- For details see ESSAYS
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COOP
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Cooperative
Breeder
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MONOG
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Monogamous
Breeder
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POLYAND
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Polyandrous
Breeder
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POLYGYN
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Polygynous
Breeder
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POLYGAM
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Polygamous
Breeder
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PROMISC
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Promiscuous
Breeder
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DEVELOPMENT AT
HATCHING For details see Essay: "Precocial and
Altricial Young"
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PRECOCIAL 2
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Mobile,
downy, follow parents, find own food.
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PRECOCIAL 3
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Mobile,
downy, follow parents, are shown food.
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PRECOCIAL 4
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Mobile,
downy, follow parents, fed.
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SEMI-PRECOCIAL
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Mobile,
remain at nest, fed.
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SEMI-ALTRICIAL
1
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Immobile,
downy, eyes open, fed.
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SEMI-ALTRICIAL
2
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Immobile,
downy, eyes closed, fed.
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ALTRICIAL
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Immobile,
downless, eyes closed, fed.
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TOPICS
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BREEDING:
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Information
on breeding habitat and number of broods per
year
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DISPLAYS:
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Description
of major sexual/territorial displays
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NEST:
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Description
of structure and materials used in
construction
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EGGS:
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Description
of color, pattern, and size of shell
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DIET:
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Expanded
explanation of preferred foods of adults and/or young
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CONSERVATION:
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Where
birds spend winter; endangerment; if cowbird host
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NOTES:
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Interesting
research notes; recent name changes
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ESSAYS:
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Suggested
reading of the most pertinent essays in the
Handbook
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REFs:
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References
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SYMBOLS AND
ABBREVIATIONS
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F or
FF
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Female/Females
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M or
MM
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Male/Males
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-M
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Mostly
Female
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-F
|
Mostly
Male
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+
|
More
than, helper
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?
|
Preceding
uncertain |
|
(?)
|
Preceding
range uncertain
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<
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Less
Than
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>
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Greater
Than
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c
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Central
(direction, name)
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n
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NORTH
(direction)
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s
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SOUTH
(direction)
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e
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EAST
(direction)
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w
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WEST
(direction)
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N
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North
(name-as in N. America)
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S
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South
(name)
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E
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East
(name)
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W
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West
(name)
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(W)
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Wintering
location
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Nr
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Near
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Oft
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Often
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Occ
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Occasionally
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Poss
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Possibly
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Usu
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Usually
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V
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Very
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cop
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Copulation
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veg
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Vegetation
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forb
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Herbaceous
plant other than grass
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mesic
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Has
ample rainfall and well-drained soil
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