URBANIZATION, POVERTY, AND CHILDREN IN LATIN AMERICA
Honduras: Case Study
Matt Kraft - 2001
Country:
Honduras
Program:
Casa Alianza Honduras
Location:
Tegucigalpa
Background of Street
Children in Tegucigalpa.
From January 1998 to
May 2000 there have been 181 documented murders of children under the
age of 18. In 36 cases (19% of all cases) it has been
proven that the police or security forces were responsible for the murder.
In Tegucigalpa and Comayaguela there are
between 1,200 to 1,500 street children.
In Tegucigalpa, one new child in is forced to go to the streets
every day and that number sometimes is higher. Sometimes there are 42
new children in the streets in a month.
Ninety
to Ninety-five percent of the street children are inhaling Resistol, a
toxic glue, that is obtained in the markets, and sometimes provided to
the children by shoemakers. The
children inhale the glue to get rid of cold, hunger and the anxiety of
being on the streets.
Sponsorship Program: Private donors and sometimes awards.
History of Program.
The Covenant House, was
first founded in New York City in 1969 by Bruce Ritter, a Franciscan priest. Casa Alianza is the Latin American branch of
the New York-based Covenant House. Casa
Alianza has two clear goals as an agency. One is to provide direct services
for the street children in the countries where we are working. The second
is to be an advocate for the children - to raise our voices for the street
children who have no voice, and to empower the children to raise their
own voicesThe program focused initially on a non-residential program for
children living in the street, then developing each of the residential
stages. Casa Alianza/Covenant House Latin America works
to defend and rehabilitate street children. Casa Alianza was founded in Tegucigalpa, Honduras in September of
1987.
Approximate number of
children served.
Casa
Alianza Honduras serves about 200 children in its residential programs,
and the organization's street educators and legal aid staff attend to
the needs of another 1,000 street children each year.
Characteristics
of the children served:
PHYSICAL FEATURES
A.Very dirty, generally do not wear shoes
and have leftovers of glue in their bodies.
B.Shows malnutrition
C.Evidence skin diseases and problems with their respiratory system.
V.Suffer venereal diseases
SOCIO EMOTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
a.They engage in different activities in order to survive, such as begging,
steal prostitution.
b.In order to survive they build strong bonding
c.Intolerant to frustration
d.Vulnerable to peer pressure
e.Manipulation either conscious or unconscious is their main survival
tool.
f.Use drugs to escape from depression or frustration
g.No goals, no vision of future, live the moment.
h.They hang out or live in crowded places so they can perform their activities.
How children are recruited:
Outreach
and Street Educators Team
Casa Alianza's Outreach teams work to reach
out to the children on the streets contacting children in order to establish
a relationship with them, building trust and then motivating them to join
Casa Alianza Honduras. The outreach
teach provides children with emergency medical care, counseling, non-formal
education, and friendship. The
children are then encouraged to leave the streets and seek further assistance
at the Crisis Centers ("Refugios"), where they can get
immediate, around-the-clock care and the benefit of an attentive ear,
an instructive tongue and a compassionate heart.
Program
Services.
Family Reintegration
Casa Alianza strives to reintegrate them
with their extended families -- except where a pattern of abuse has been
identified. A dynamic aftercare and follow-up program targets children
who have lived in the streets but have since been reunited with their
kin. Casa Alianza social workers meet on a monthly (or more) basis with
the child and family members during the first year. In the last 12 months,
145 street children rejoined their families in Honduras.
Mums and Babies
In
response to the growing number of street girls who become pregnant, and
to prevent the deaths of babies there who are dying from lack of care,
Casa Alianza initiated the "Moms and Babies" program for street
girls and their children. The program offers rehabilitation services,
including individual and group therapy, child-care training, vocational
training, as well as pediatric and gynecological treatment. This program
helps the girls bond with and learn to care for their children. It also
gives them an opportunity to develop life skills, learn a trade, work,
and save enough money to live independently. The home can serve up to
12 mothers and their babies, who can stay with Casa Alianza until the
baby reaches five-years-old.
Drug Rehabilitation
Casa Alianza administers drug rehabilitation
centers for boys addicted to solvent based shoe glue. The centers immerse
the boys in intensive occupational, individual, and group therapies. These
programs are highly structured, and offer some vocational training. Following
an average stay of three months, the boys advance to a Transition Home,
or toward reintegration with their families.
Legal Aid Services
The Legal Aid office assists children with
civil law matters, such as the acquisition of birth certificates and identity
cards needed to matriculate in school or benefit from other social services.
In February 1994, a Legal Aid Office for Street Children was also
established in Tegucigalpa, Honduras. The legal aid office has
done an enormous amount of work fighting for children rights. So far in
this period they have accused approximately ten judges for authority abuse
and illegal detention of children. From
these, six were declared in favor of the children resulting in an economic
sanction to the judges and five days of their salaries. Also, as a consequence
of Casa Alianza accusations the Public Minister has processed three judges.
Since the office has been open, an average of 132 judicial actions has
been worked with. Most of these formal complaints have been Habeas Corpus
because of the illegal detention of children during 1995-96
HIV/AIDS Programs
Between 1995-1997, Casa Alianza worked with
six children with AIDS. In 97-98,
Casa Alianza found four carriers who are children between 15 and 17 years
and are currently in the shelter. These children are drug users and transmit
the disease through sexual contact. In
the daily efforts of Casa Alianza street educators and in the agency's
shelters and homes, Casa Alianza provides sex education and information
on the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. We also promote abstinence
at such an early age.
Crisis Center
Children who come the Crisis Center are
fed, clothed, given a clean bed, diagnostic and medical treatment, educational
and vocational training, security, and most important of all -- love and
hope. In addition, all are provided with drug counseling. Only about half
of those who enter the Crisis Centers initially stay more than a couple
of nights. About half of the children who return to the streets will eventually
re-enter the Crisis Centers for an average stay of about four months.
There, they actively participate in a Plan de Vida -- a development
plan -- setting attainable goals for their short-term and medium-term
future. Children also participate in non-formal educational activities
which prepare them for the public school system. Once the children become
more stable, the children are transferred to transition homes.
Transition Homes
Young children are enrolled
in public schools; older teenagers are also offered vocational training.
The average residency in a Transition Home is four months. Then children
will move to a group home.
Group Homes
Residency in a Group
Home where children are nurtured by a carefully chosen team of counselors
who try to replicate a positive family environment. It is in such a setting
that children learn to bond with a surrogate family while pursuing further
educational or professional opportunities. The children remain at the
home until their eighteenth birthday or until they have completed their
education. When the children leave the home as young adults, they have
vocational and life skills indispensable for independent living. They
are encouraged to pursue formal education or more advanced job training.
Philosophy or approach:
We
who recognize God’s providence and fidelity to his people are dedicated
to living out his Covenant among ourselves and those children we serve,
with absolute respect and unconditional love.
That commitment calls
us to serve suffering children of the street, and to protect and safeguard
all children.
Just as Christ in his
humanity is the visible sign of God’s presence among his people, so our
efforts together in the covenant community are a visible sign that effects
the presence of God, working through the Holy Spirit among ourselves and
our children.
Immediacy
The principle of Immediacy
is related to the aspects that must be a priority for the street boys
and girls. Children come to us in crisis. Children that come to our program
are abandoned both materially and, particularly, emotionally.
Immediately, without
questions and no other requirements but the child’s acceptance, we meet
their basic human needs - a hot, nutritious meal; a shower; clean
clothes; medical attention, and a safe place away from the perils of the
street. The importance of the principle of Immediacy is based on identifying
the priorities for the children.
With the principle of
Immediacy, we take the first step in the journey of the Covenant
Special features
Members and supporters
of Casa Alianza / Covenant House Latin America, around the world, are
today celebrating the fact that the organization has been awarded the
one million dollar Conrad N. Hilton Foundation prize for
the year 2000. The award, which has been described as the Nobel Peace
Prize for Human Rights, recognizes “extraordinary contributions toward
alleviating human suffering.” This is the first time ever that the prize
has gone to a Latin American based organization.
Look, look it illuminates,
the path of life,
we will defeat the forbidden life,
And we will go along the road,
which destiny had concealed
that now we see it,
we understand that
life isn't life.
If you dont have a problem to fix,
or someone for whom to fight.
That's why, on this day
you inspire me to be happy,
waiting in harmony,
we triumph in this life.
Thank you dear Casa Alianza,
for being the starting point
in this battle which inspires us
to be someone in this life.